ABSTRAK
Rosita Ambarwati. T131008004. Kajian Pragmatik Komunikasi Perempuan di Jejaring Sosial Facebook. Promotor: Prof. Dr. H. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd. ; Co-Promotor: Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D.; Dissertation of Doctorate Program of Surakarta Sebelas Maret University.
Tujuan penelitian disertasi ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan komunikasi perempuan di jejaring sosial facebook melalui kajian Pragmatik. Secara khusus penelitian ini bertujuan untuk kesantunan mendeskripsikan: 1 Jenis-jenis tindak tutur dan tindak tutur yang dominan pada komunikasi perempuan di jejaring sosial facebook; 2. Realisasi prinsip kerjasama pada komunikasi perempuan di jejaring sosial facebook; 3. strategi kesantunan yang diterapkan perempuan pada saat berkomunikasi di jejaring sosial facebook; dan 4. Hubungan pengaruh tindak tutur, prinsip kerjasama dan strategi kesantunan pada komunikasi perempuan di jejaring sosial facebook. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi (Spradley, 1980). Data diambil dari komunikasi perempuan di facebook dalam bentuk tuturan yang tersampaikan pada saat mengubah status dan memberi komentar. Untuk memperoleh gambaran secara menyeluruh, dilakukan analisis domain, taksonomi, komponensial, dan tema budaya.
Hasil penelitian disertasi ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Terdapat 6 jenis tindak tutur yang dilakukan perempuan dewasa dan remaja pada saat berkomunikasi di jejaring sosial facebook yaitu; 1) Asertif, 2) Fatis, 3) Direktif, 4) Ekspresif, 5) Komisif, 6) verdiktif. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindak tutur asertif yang paling mendominasi komunikasi perempuan baik dewasa maupun remaja. 2) Strategi kesantunan yang digunakan oleh perempuan dewasa dan remaja dalam berkomunikasi di jejaring sosial facebook adalah strategi kesantunan positif, negatif, bald on record dan off record. Hasil temuan diperoleh bahwa strategi kesantunan positif yang paling dominan digunakan. Hal ini terkait dengan karakteristik dan sifat dasar perempuan. 3) Realisasi prinsip kerjasama dalam berkomunikasi di facebook ditemukan pelaksanaan dan pelanggaran prinsip kerjasama relevansi, cara, kuantitas dan kualitas. Dari pelaksanaan dan pelanggaran prinsip kerjasama ditemukan bahwa prinsip kerjasama relevansi yang paling dominan. 4) Dari analisis komponensial, muncul pola hubungan yang mengindikasikan bahwa tindak tutur fatis dilakukan perempuan baik dewasa maupun remaja dengan melanggar prinsip kerjasama relevansi dan menggunakan strategi kesantunan positif. Tindak tutur direktif dilakukan perempuan dewasa dengan menerapkan strategi kesantunan positif dan melanggar prinsip kuantitas sedangkan remaja lebih sering menggunakan kesantunan positif dan melanggar prinsip cara. Sementara tindak tutur ekspresif lebih dominan dilakukan perempuan dewasa dengan menerapkan strategi kesantunan positif dan melaksanakan prinsip kualitas, sedangkan remaja menerapkan strategi kesantunan positif dan melanggar prinsip cara. Tindak tutur asertif dilakukan perempuan dewasa dengan melaksanakan strategi kesantunan positif dan melaksanakan maksim relevansi sedangkan remaja melaksanakan strategi kesantunan positif dan melanggar maksim relevansi. Tindak tutur verdiktif dilakukan perempuan dewasa maupun remaja dengan melaksanakan strategi kesantunan positif dan melaksanakan maksim relevansi. Tindak tutur yang ke 6 yaitu tindak tutur komisif dilakukan perempuan dewasa dengan melaksanakan strategi kesantunan positif dan melaksanakan maksim kuantitas, sedangkan remaja melaksanakan strategi kesantunan positif dan melaksanakan maksim relevansi.
Kata Kunci: pragmatik, facebook, tindak tutur
ABSTRACT
Rosita Ambarwati. T131008004. The Pragmatics Study of Women’s Communication on Facebook. Promotor: Prof. Dr. H. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd. ; Co-Promotor: Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D.; Dissertation of Doctorate Program of Surakarta Sebelas Maret University.
The purpose of this study was to describe the women’s communication on social media facebook through pragmatics study, with particular focus on: 1. Describing the types of speech acts and speech acts that are dominant in women’s communication on Facebook social networks; 2. identifying politeness strategies used by the women; 3. identifying the cooperative principle applied by the women on facebook; and 4. describing the relationship between speech acts, politeness strategies, and cooperative principles. This study was designed as a qualitative research with an ethnographic approach (Spradley, 1980). The data were collected from the interaction of women on facebook while up dating the status, and also giving comment on facebook. The data analysis was based on domain analysis, taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and analysis of cultural themes.
The results show that: 1) There are 6 types of speech acts performed by adult women and adolescents when communicating on Facebook social networks namely; 1) Assertive, 2) Fatis, 3) Directives, 4) Expressive, 5) Komisif, 6) verdictive. The research findings show that the most speech acts applied by the women were assertive speech acts. 2) The politeness strategy used by adult women and adolescents in communicating on Facebook social networks is a positive, negative politeness strategy, bald on record and off record. The findings show that the most dominant positive politeness strategy is used. This is related to the characteristics and nature of women. 3) The realization of the cooperation principle in women’s communication on Facebook found the implementation and violation of the coopearative principle, there are maxim of relevance, maxim of manner, maxim of quantity and maxim of quality. From the implementation and violation of the principle of cooperation it was found that the maxim of relevance was dominant. The realization of the cooperation principle in women’s communication on Facebook found the implementation and violation of the coopearative principle, there are maxim of relevance, maxim of manner, maxim of quantity and maxim of quality. From the implementation and violation of the principle of cooperation it was found that the maxim of relevance was dominant. 4) From the Componential Analysis, it was found that a relationship pattern appears which indicates that phatic speech acts are carried out by women both adults and teenagers by violating the maxim of relevance and using positive politeness strategies. Directive speech acts was carried out by adult women by adopting positive politeness strategies and violating the principle of quantity while adolescents more often use positive politeness and violate the maxim of manner While expressive speech acts were predominantly done by adult women by implementing positive politeness strategies and implementing the principles of quality, while adolescents apply positive politeness strategies and violate the maxim of manner. Assertive speech acts was carried out by adult women by implementing positive politeness strategies and carrying out the maxim of relevance while adolescents carry out positive politeness strategies and violate the maxim of relevance. The verdictive speech acts carried out by women and teenagers by implementing positive politeness strategies and implementing the maxim of relevance. The 6th speech act was a commissive speech act. it was carried out by adult women by implementing a positive politeness strategy and carrying out the quantity maxim, while adolescents carry out a positive politeness strategy and carry out the maxim of relevance.
Keywords: pragmatics, facebook, politeness
