ABSTRAK
Ruben Dharmawan. T141208002. Teknik Penerjemahan dan Kualitas Terjemahan Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 31st Edition . Promotor: Prof. Drs. M.R., Nababan, M.Ed., M.A., Ph.D.; Co-Promotor-1: Prof. M. Sri Samiati Tarjana ; Co-Promotor 2: Prof. Dr. Djatmika, M.A.; Dissertation of Doctorate Program of Surakarta Sebelas Maret University.
Studi ini meneliti teknik penerjemahan dan kualitas entri dalam Kamus Kedokteran Dorland Edisi ke-31 (KKD) yang berisi mistranslation dan maltranslation (istilah yang diusulkan oleh peneliti). Studi kasus terpancang ini bertujuan menganalisis teknik penerjemahan, kesalahan dan kualitas terjemahan KKD dari Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 31st Edition (DIMD) secara human-based (HT) dan website Google Translate (WT). Purposive samples terdiri atas 111 entri terkait ilmu kedokteran tropis beserta definisinya. Analisis dan pembahasan diproses dalam Focus Group Discussion. Rationale penentuan maltranslation didasarkan pada ilmu kedokteran dasar ketika seorang dokter memeriksa, mendiagnosis, merawat, mempromosikan, dan mencegah penyakit untuk kepentingan pasien. Pada HT ditemukan 18 teknik penerjemahan; entri diterjemahkan secara pure borrowing; teknik harfiah digunakan 2 kali saja; panjang kalimat tidak mempengaruhi kualitas terjemahan, dan cenderung memilih kesepadanan dinamis. Pada WT terdapat 15 teknik penerjemahan; entri diterjemahkan dengan berbagai teknik; teknik harfiah ditemukan 78 kali; kalimat yang panjang menurunkan kualitas terjemahan, dan sepenuhnya menggunakan kesepadanan formal. Mistranslation dan maltranslation pada HT lebih sedikit daripada WT; Maltranslation Index (MI) pada HT lebih rendah dibanding WT; pada HT maupun WT sering ditemukan distorsi makna dengan akibat misdiagnosis. Model penilaian kualitas terjemahan oleh Nababan dkk. (2012:39-57) merupakan model hibrid yang cocok untuk HT dan WT; kualitas HT tanpa atau dengan mistranslation atau maltranslation lebih baik dibanding WT walaupun secara keseluruhan keduanya (HT dan WT) kurang akurat, kurang berterima, dan kurang bisa dipahami oleh pembaca sasaran sehingga kualitasnya perlu ditingkatkan.
Kata Kunci: teknik penerjemahan, maltranslation dan kualitas terjemahan, kamus kedokteran, human-based and Google translation
ABSTRACT
Ruben Dharmawan. T141208002. Translation Techniques and Quality of Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 31st Edition . Promotor: Prof. Drs. M.R., Nababan, M.Ed., M.A., Ph.D.; Co-Promotor-1: Prof. M. Sri Samiati Tarjana ; Co-Promotor 2: Prof. Dr. Djatmika, M.A.; Dissertation of Doctorate Program of Surakarta Sebelas Maret University.
This study examines the translation techniques and quality of entries in the Kamus Kedokteran Dorland Edisi 31 (KKD) which contains mistranslation and maltranslation (the term proposed by researchers). This embedded case study aims to analyze translation techniques, error and translation quality of the KKD which is human-based translated (HT) from Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 31st Edition (DIMD) and the Google Translate website (WT). Purposive samples consist of 111 entries related to tropical medicine and their definitions. Analysis and discussion are processed in a Focus Group Discussion. Rationale determination of maltranslation is based on basic medical sciences when a doctor examines, diagnoses, treats, promotes, and prevents disease for the benefit of patients. HT used 18 translation techniques; the entries were translated as pure borrowing; literal techniques were used only twice; the length of the sentence did not affect the quality of the translation, and tended choosing dynamic equivalence. WT showed 15 translation techniques; entries were translated by various techniques; the literal technique was found 78 times; long sentences reduced the quality of the translation, and used formal equivalence. Mistranslation and maltranslation in HT was less than WT; Maltranslation Index (MI) in HT was lower than WT; and there were many distortion of meaning leading to misdiagnosis in HT and WT. The model for assessing the quality of translations by Nababan et al. (2012: 39-57) is suitable for HT and WT; the quality of HT without or with mistranslation or maltranslation is better than WT, although both translations were less accurate, less acceptable, and less understandable to the target reader, therefore they need to be improved.
Keywords: translation techniques, maltranslation and quality of translation, medical dictionary, human-based and Google translation.
